Hosea 9

Ho 9:1-17.

WARNING AGAINST

ISRAEL'S

JOY AT

PARTIAL

RELIEF FROM

THEIR

TROUBLES:

THEIR

CROPS

SHALL

FAIL, AND THE

PEOPLE

LEAVE THE

LORD'S

LAND FOR

EGYPT AND

ASSYRIA,

WHERE

THEY

CANNOT,

IF

SO

INCLINED,

SERVE

GOD

ACCORDING TO THE

ANCIENT

RITUAL:

FOLLY OF

THEIR

FALSE

PROPHETS.

1. Rejoice not . . . for joy--literally, "to exultation." Thy

exultation at the league with Pul, by which peace seems secured, is out

of place: since thy idolatry will bring ruin on thee.

as other people--the Assyrians for instance, who, unlike thee, are

in the height of prosperity.

loved a reward upon every corn floor--Thou hast desired, in reward for thy homage to idols, abundance of corn on every threshing-floor

(Ho 2:12).

2.

(Ho 2:9, 12).

fail--disappoint her expectation.

3. return to Egypt--(See on

Ho 8:13).

As in

Ho 11:5

it is said, "He shall not return into . . . Egypt."

FAIRBAIRN thinks it is not the exact country that

is meant, but the bondage state with which, from past

experience, Egypt was identified in their minds. Assyria was to be a

second Egypt to them.

De 28:68,

though threatening a return to Egypt, speaks

(De 28:36)

of their being brought to a nation which neither they nor their

fathers had known, showing that it is not the literal Egypt, but a

second Egypt-like bondage that is threatened.

eat unclean things in Assyria--reduced by necessity to eat meats

pronounced unclean by the Mosaic law

(Eze 4:13).

See

2Ki 17:6.

4. offer wine offerings--literally, "pour as a libation

(Ex 30:9;

Le 23:13).

neither shall they be pleasing unto him--as being offered on a profane

soil.

sacrifices . . . as the bread of mourners--which was unclean

(De 26:14;

Jer 16:7;

Eze 24:17).

their bread for their soul--their offering for the expiation of their

soul [CALVIN],

(Le 17:11).

Rather, "their bread for their sustenance ('soul' being often used for

the animal life,

Ge 14:21,

Margin) shall not come into the Lord's house"; it shall only

subserve their own uses, not My worship.

5.

(Ho 2:11).

6. because of destruction--to escape from the devastation of their

country.

Egypt shall gather them up--that is, into its sepulchres

(Jer 8:2;

Eze 29:5).

Instead of returning to Palestine, they should die in Egypt.

Memphis--famed as a necropolis.

the pleasant places for their silver--that is, their desired

treasuries for their money. Or, "whatever precious thing they have of

silver" [MAURER].

nettles--the sign of desolation

(Isa 34:13).

7. visitation--vengeance: punishment

(Isa 10:3).

Israel shall know it--to her cost experimentally

(Isa 9:9).

the prophet is a fool--The false prophet who foretold prosperity to

the nation shall be convicted of folly by the event.

the spiritual man--the man pretending to inspiration

(La 2:14;

Eze 13:3;

Mic 3:11;

Zep 3:4).

for the multitude of thine iniquity, &c.--Connect these words with,

"the days of visitation . . . are come"; "the prophet . . . is mad,"

being parenthetical.

the great hatred--or, "the great provocation"

[HENDERSON]; or, "(thy)

great apostasy" [MAURER]. English Version means Israel's "hatred"

of God's prophets and the law.

8. The watchman . . . was with my God--The spiritual watchmen, the

true prophets, formerly consulted my God

(Jer 31:6;

Hab 2:1);

but their so-called prophet is a snare, entrapping Israel into

idolatry.

hatred--rather, "(a cause of) apostasy" (see

Ho 9:7)

[MAURER].

house of his God--that is, the state of Ephraim, as in

Ho 8:1

[MAURER]. Or, "the house of his (false) god," the

calves [CALVIN]. Jehovah, "my God," seems

contrasted with "his God." CALVIN'S view is

therefore preferable.

9. as in the days of Gibeah--as in the day of the perpetration of the

atrocity of Gibeah, narrated in

Jud 19:16-22,

&c.

10. As the traveller in a wilderness is delighted at finding grapes

to quench his thirst, or the early fig (esteemed a great delicacy in the

East,

Isa 28:4;

Jer 24:2;

Mic 7:1);

so it was My delight to choose your fathers as My peculiar people in

Egypt

(Ho 2:15).

at her first time--when the first-fruits of the tree become ripe.

went to Baal-peor--

(Nu 25:3):

the Moabite idol, in whose worship young women prostituted themselves;

the very sin Israel latterly was guilty of.

separated themselves--consecrated themselves.

unto that shame--to that shameful or foul idol

(Jer 11:13).

their abominations were according as they loved--rather, as

Vulgate, "they became abominable like the object of their love"

(De 7:26;

Ps 115:8).

English Version gives good sense, "their abominable idols they

followed after, according as their lusts prompted them"

(Am 4:5,

Margin).

11. their glory shall fly away--fit retribution to those who

"separated themselves unto that shame"

(Ho 9:10).

Children were accounted the glory of parents; sterility, a

reproach. "Ephraim" means "fruitfulness"

(Ge 41:52);

this its name shall cease to be its characteristic.

from the birth . . . womb . . .

conception--Ephraim's children shall perish in a threefold

gradation; (1) From the time of birth. (2) From the time of pregnancy.

(3) From the time of their first conception.

12. Even though they should rear their children, yet will I bereave

them (the Ephraimites) of them

(Job 27:14).

woe . . . to them when I depart--Yet the ungodly in their madness

desire God to depart from them

(Job 21:14; 22:17;

Mt 8:34).

At last they know to their cost how awful it is when God has departed

(De 31:17;

1Sa 28:15, 16;

compare

Ho 9:11;

1Sa 4:21).

13. Ephraim, as I saw Tyrus . . . in a pleasant place--that is, in

looking towards Tyrus (on whose borders Ephraim lay) I saw Ephraim

beautiful in situation like her

(Eze 26:1-28:26).

is planted--as a fruitful tree; image suggested by the meaning of

"Ephraim"

(Ho 9:11).

bring forth his children to the murderer--

(Ho 9:16;

Ho 13:16).

With all his fruitfulness, his children shall only be brought up to be

slain.

14. what wilt thou give?--As if overwhelmed by feeling, he deliberates

with God what is most desirable.

give . . . a miscarrying womb--Of two evils he chooses the least. So

great will be the calamity, that barrenness will be a blessing, though

usually counted a great misfortune

(Job 3:3;

Jer 20:14;

Lu 23:29).

15. All their wickedness--that is, their chief guilt.

Gilgal--(see on

Ho 4:15).

This was the scene of their first contumacy in rejecting God and

choosing a king

(1Sa 11:14, 15;

compare

1Sa 8:7),

and of their subsequent idolatry.

there I hated them--not with the human passion, but holy hatred of

their sin, which required punishment to be inflicted on themselves

(compare

Mal 1:3).

out of mine house--as in

Ho 8:1:

out of the land holy unto ME. Or, as "love" is

mentioned immediately after, the reference may be to the Hebrew mode of

divorce, the husband (God) putting the wife (Israel) out of the house.

princes . . . revolters--"Sarim . . .

Sorerim" (Hebrew), a play on similar sounds.

16. The figures "root," "fruit," are suggested by the word "Ephraim,"

that is, fruitful (see on

Ho 9:11, 12).

"Smitten," namely, with a blight

(Ps 102:4).

17. My God--"My," in contrast to "them," that is, the people, whose

God Jehovah no longer is. Also Hosea appeals to God as supporting his

authority against the whole people.

wanderers among . . .

nations--

(2Ki 15:29;

1Ch 5:26).