Psalms 89

Ps 89:1-52.

Of Ethan--(See on

Ps 88:1,

title). This Psalm was composed during some season of great national

distress, perhaps Absalom's rebellion. It contrasts the promised

prosperity and perpetuity of David's throne (with reference to the

great promise of

2Sa 7:12-17),

with a time when God appeared to have forgotten His covenant. The

picture thus drawn may typify the promises and the adversities of

Christ's kingdom, and the terms of confiding appeal to God provided

appropriate prayers for the divine aid and promised blessing.

1. mercies--those promised

(Isa 55:3;

Ac 13:34),

and--

faithfulness--that is, in fulfilling them.

2. I have said--expressed, as well as felt, my convictions

(2Co 4:13).

3, 4. The object of this faith expressed in God's words

(2Sa 7:11-16).

with--or literally, "to"

my chosen--as the covenant is in the form of a promise.

6, 7. This is worthy of our belief, for His faithfulness (is praised)

De 33:2;

Da 8:13).

sons of the mighty--(compare

Ps 29:1).

So is He to be admired on earth.

8-14. To illustrate His power and faithfulness examples are cited

from history. His control of the sea (the most mighty and unstable

object in nature), and of Egypt

(Ps 87:4),

the first great foe of Israel (subjected to utter helplessness from

pride and insolence), are specimens. At the same time, the whole frame

of nature founded and sustained by Him, Tabor and Hermon for "east and

west," and "north and south," together representing the whole world,

declare the same truth as to His attributes.

12. rejoice in thy name--praise Thy perfections by their very

existence.

15. His government of righteousness is served by "mercy" and "truth"

as ministers

(Ps 85:10-13).

know the joyful sound--understand and appreciate the spiritual

blessings symbolized by the feasts to which the people were called by

the trumpet

(Le 25:9,

&c.).

walk . . . countenance--live in His favor

(Ps 4:6; 44:3).

16, 17. in--or, "by"

thy righteousness--Thy faithful just rule.

glory--or, "beauty."

of their strength--They shall be adorned as well as protected.

our horn--exalt our power

(Ps 75:10;

Lu 1:69).

18. (Margin). Thus is introduced the promise to "our shield,"

"our king," David.

19-37. Then--when the covenant was established, of whose execution the

exalted views of God now given furnish assurance.

thou . . . to thy holy one--or godly saint, object of favor

(Ps 4:3).

Nathan is meant

(2Sa 7:17;

1Ch 17:3-15).

laid help--literally, "given help." David was chosen and then exalted.

20. I have found--having sought and then selected him

(1Sa 16:1-6).

21. will protect and sustain

(Isa 41:10),

22-25. by restraining and conquering his enemies, and performing My

gracious purpose of extending his dominion--

25. hand [and] right hand--power

(Ps 17:7; 60:5).

sea, and . . . rivers--limits of his empire

(Ps 72:8).

26, 27. first-born--one who is chief, most beloved or distinguished

(Ex 4:22;

Col 1:15).

In God's sight and purposes he was the first among all monarchs, and

specially so in his typical relation to Christ.

28-37. This relation is perpetual with David's descendants, as a

whole typical in official position of his last greatest descendant.

Hence though in personal relations any of them might be faithless and so

punished, their typical relation shall continue. His oath confirms His

promise, and the most enduring objects of earth and heaven illustrate

its perpetual force

(Ps 72:5, 7, 17).

35. Once--one thing

(Ps 27:4).

that I will not lie--literally, "if I lie"--part of the form of

swearing

(1Sa 24:6;

2Sa 3:35).

37. It shall . . . moon . . . heaven--literally,

"As the moon, and the witness in the sky is sure, that is, the moon."

38-52. present a striking contrast to these glowing promises, in

mournful evidences of a loss of God's favor.

cast off--and rejected (compare

Ps 15:4; 43:2; 44:9).

39. An insult to the "crown," as of divine origin, was a profanation.

40-45. The ruin is depicted under several figures--a vineyard whose

broken "hedges," and "strongholds," whose ruins invite spoilers and

invaders; a warrior, whose enemies are aided by God, and whose sword's

"edge"--literally, "rock" or "strength"

(Jos 5:2)

is useless; and a youth prematurely old.

45. days of his youth--or, "youthful vigor," that is, of the royal

line, or promised perpetual kingdom, under the figure of a man.

46. How long, &c.--(Compare

Ps 13:1; 88:14;

Jer 4:4).

47. These expostulations are excited in view of the identity of the

prosperity of this kingdom with the welfare of all mankind

(Ge 22:18;

Ps 72:17;

Isa 9:7; 11:1-10);

for if such is the fate of this chosen royal line.

48. What man--literally, "strong man--shall live?" and, indeed, have

not all men been made in vain, as to glorifying God?

49-51. The terms of expostulation are used in view of the actual

appearance that God had forsaken His people and forgotten His promise,

and the plea for aid is urged in view of the reproaches of His and His

people's enemies (compare

Isa 37:17-35).

50. bear in my bosom--as feeling the affliction of the people

(Ps 69:9).

footsteps--ways

(Ps 56:6).

52. Blessed, &c.--denotes returning confidence

(Ps 34:1-3).

Amen, and Amen--closes the third book of Psalms.